Authors: Nwagwu, Glory C, Obasi, Chinedu K, Nduka, Modestus U

Abstract: The HIV virus is a cankerworm that is bedeviling human-kind, with sequel advancement to Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), if not properly managed can have effect on the socio-demographic factors. The study aimed at determining the impact of socio-demographic factors that affects HIV status of pregnant women in Imo state using a Proportional Odds Model. It was discovered that single women within the Age (15-19) years and resident in the rural area were the factors that contributed to the reason why these pregnant women are prone to contacting HIV/AIDS infection in Imo State.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18454133

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Naveen Reddy Burramukku

Abstract: Identity and Access Management has become a foundational pillar of modern information security, governing how users, devices, and applications authenticate and gain access to organizational resources. As enterprises increasingly operate across hybrid environments that combine on-prem infrastructure with cloud platforms, the complexity of managing identities and enforcing access controls has grown substantially. Traditional identity models designed for centralized, perimeter-based systems are often inadequate in distributed environments where users access resources from diverse locations and devices. In this context, IAM serves as a critical mechanism for enforcing security policies, maintaining accountability, and reducing the risk of unauthorized access. Cloud computing has introduced new identity paradigms that emphasize federated authentication, dynamic authorization, and service-based identities. These paradigms differ significantly from on-prem identity systems, which typically rely on directory services, static roles, and network-based trust assumptions. Integrating these two models presents both opportunities and challenges, requiring careful alignment of identity lifecycles, access policies, and governance frameworks. Misconfigurations or inconsistencies across environments can lead to privilege escalation, data exposure, and compliance failures. This review examines Identity and Access Management in cloud and on-prem infrastructure environments, focusing on architectural models, authentication mechanisms, authorization strategies, and operational considerations. It explores how IAM technologies have evolved to support hybrid deployments and analyzes common risks associated with identity sprawl, excessive privileges, and fragmented policy enforcement. The article also highlights the role of IAM in enabling modern security approaches such as Zero Trust and least privilege access. By synthesizing established research and industry practices, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of IAM’s role in securing hybrid infrastructures. The discussion aims to assist practitioners, researchers, and decision-makers in designing IAM strategies that balance security, usability, and scalability across diverse deployment models.

 

 

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Hansikaa M

Abstract: The rapid growth of digital technologies and interconnected systems has greatly increased the complexity and scale of cyber threats. Traditional cybersecurity methods, which depend on predefined rules and signature-based detection, often have difficulty identifying advanced, dynamic, and new attacks. In this situation, artificial intelligence has emerged as a powerful tool for improving cybersecurity by enabling smart, flexible, and automated defence systems. This research offers a thorough look at how artificial intelligence is used in cybersecurity, focusing on machine learning, deep learning, and anomaly detection techniques for identifying and responding to threats. The study reviews current security methods, examines their weaknesses, and discusses how AI-driven approaches enhance detection accuracy, lower false positives, and support proactive security management. An AI-based cybersecurity framework is also presented to show how smart models can work with security monitoring, data processing, and automated response features. The effectiveness of AI-based cybersecurity solutions is assessed through performance analysis and discussions of experimental results, highlighting improvements in real-time threat detection and system efficiency. Additionally, the research explores important application areas, challenges, and future directions, including explainable artificial intelligence, privacy-preserving learning, and autonomous security operations. Overall, this study emphasizes the important role of artificial intelligence in strengthening modern cybersecurity systems and underscores its potential to tackle evolving cyber threats through ongoing learning and smart decision-making.

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Ms. Nirzhara Suryawanshi, Ms. Manasi Patange, Ms. Pallavi Thakare, Ms. Harshada Sonar, Mrs Samiksha Gawali

Abstract: The AI-Powered Interview System Based on Resume Analysis is an intelligent and interactive platform designed to enhance students’ interview preparation through automation and personalized evaluation. The system enables users to upload their resumes, which are then processed using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to extract key skills, academic achievements, and relevant experience. Based on this analysis, the system dynamically generates field-specific interview questions tailored to the candidate’s profile. To simulate a realistic interview environment, the platform incorporates voice-based interaction using speech-to-text and text-to-speech technologies. Users respond to questions through audio, and the system evaluates their answers in real time using NLP- based answer analysis. The system further provides performance ratings, personalized feedback, and improvement suggestions, helping candidates identify their strengths and areas of development.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18448371

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: P. Vijetha, Sk Maqbool basha

Abstract: The risk–return relationship is a fundamental concept in finance, guiding investment decisions and portfolio management. This study empirically examines the relationship between risk and return among 10 actively traded equity stocks over a five-year period (2019–2024). Both systematic risk (beta) and total risk measures (standard deviation and variance) are analyzed to determine their influence on equity returns. Secondary data from NSE, BSE, and financial databases were used, and statistical techniques including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and t-tests were employed. The findings reveal a positive and statistically significant relationship between risk and return, with beta emerging as the strongest predictor. Regression results indicate that risk measures collectively explain over 50% of the variance in returns. The study validates the traditional risk–return tradeoff and highlights the importance of incorporating multiple risk metrics for informed investment decisions. Implications for investors, portfolio managers, and policymakers are discussed, emphasizing strategies for optimizing returns while managing risk in dynamic equity markets.

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Vishal Singh, Hemant Singh, Ajay Rawat, Shivam Kumar Jha

Abstract: Nutrition-analysis applications traditionally provide qualitative, binary guidance such as “healthy,” “unhealthy,” or “avoid.” However, recent advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) enable hyper-personalized, quantitative moderation advice that recommends specific serving sizes, risk thresholds, and actionable alternatives. This paper investigates whether quantitative, personalized recommendations enhance user comprehension, confidence, and dietary intent compared to generic, qualitative warnings. We conduct a randomized controlled A/B user study with 100 participants and compare a qualitative control interface against a quantitative, generative-AI- powered interface offering explicit serving guidance and alternatives. Results show that quantitative moderation advice significantly improves comprehension accuracy, user confidence, trust, and positive dietary intent. These findings provide strong HCI evidence supporting the integration of precise, personalized guidance in digital nutrition applications.

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Krishna Prisad Bajgai, Dr. Bhoj Raj Ghimire

Abstract: Early identification of unrecoverable loans is a critical requirement for financial institutions to maintain portfolio quality, comply with regulatory provisioning standards, and minimize credit losses. In Nepal, microfinance institutions and banks are mandated to report loan performance using the Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) N002 monitoring framework, which contains borrower demographics, loan characteristics, delinquency behavior, and provisioning information. Despite the availability of structured regulatory data, most institutions continue to rely on rule-based aging mechanisms that fail to capture complex nonlinear risk patterns. This study proposes a machine learning-based framework for predicting unrecoverable loans using NRB N002-compliant datasets. A supervised classification problem is formulated, where loans are labeled as unrecoverable based on regulatory delinquency thresholds (Days Past Due >180 or Provision ≥50%). Three models—Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)—are implemented and evaluated using recall, precision, F1-score, and ROC-AUC metrics, with special emphasis on recall to minimize false negatives in high-risk loan identification. Experimental results demonstrate that XGBoost achieves superior performance with near-perfect recall for unrecoverable loans and an ROC-AUC exceeding 0.97, significantly outperforming traditional statistical approaches. Explainability is ensured using SHAP-based feature attribution. highlighting delinquency duration, overdue principal, outstanding exposure, and provisioning ratios as dominant predictors. The findings confirm that machine learning models can substantially enhance early warning credit risk systems within Nepalese financial institutions while maintaining regulatory transparency and operational interpretability.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18440690

 

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Sahil Shinde, Pushkar Rahane, Sudarshan Suryavanshi, Krishna Tayde, Prof. Bhagawat S. Mohite

Abstract: This research Security is a major concern in homes, offices, and restricted areas. Traditional lock systems using mechanical keys have limitations such as key loss, duplication, and lack of access control. To overcome these issu es, this project presents the design and implementation of an RFID Door Lock using Arduino. The proposed system uses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to allow only authorized users to access the door. An RFID reader reads the unique ID of the RFID card or tag and sends it to the Arduino microco ntroller. The Arduino compares the scanned ID with the pre-stored authorized IDs. If the ID matches, the system.

 

 

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Dr. Ruchita Sujai Chowdhary

Abstract: Sacred plants have long played an integral role in shaping ecological consciousness, ritual performances, and cultural identity within Indian society. Among these, Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and Peepal (Ficus religiosa) hold a distinctive presence as sacred, medicinal, and symbolic botanical entities embedded deeply in everyday religious and cultural practices. This qualitative study examines the Use, Knowledge, and Significance (UKS) surrounding these plants through community narratives in both rural and urban settings in North India. Utilizing narrative inquiry and ethnographic approaches, the research documents oral histories, lived experiences, ritual participation, and ecological perceptions expressed by diverse community members. Findings reveal that Tulsi and Peepal function not only as religious icons but also as powerful conveyors of environmental values, emotional wellbeing, and intergenerational continuity. Despite rapid modernization and urban transformations disrupting traditional practices, the enduring relevance of these plants demonstrates their potential as culturally grounded tools for ecological communication. The study argues that sacred plant traditions embody a form of “sacred ecology,” offering insights into sustainable cultural-environmental relationships and highlighting the need for preserving traditional knowledge systems.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18430477

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Ms. Chavhan S.S, Ms. Humbe P.D, Ms. Bodake S.S, Ms. Devkar M.R, Ms. Jadhav N.

Abstract: Street lighting plays a vital role in public safety but consumes a significant amount of electrical energy. Conventional street lights operate continuously throughout the night, leading to unnecessary power wastage. This paper presents the design and implementation of a solar powered smart street lighting system with motion detection to improve energy efficiency. The proposed system uses solar energy as the primary power source and a motion sensor to control light intensity based on human or vehicle movement. During periods of no motion, the light remains in dim mode, and it switches to full brightness when motion is detected. The system is controlled using a microcontroller and operates automatically without manual intervention. Experimental results show that the proposed system significantly reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs, making it suitable for smart city applications.

Published by: vikaspatanker