Authors: Rohit Kamleshwar Singh, Sangram Kakade, Dr. Nagsen Bansod, Dr. R. S. Deshpande

Abstract: Mathematics is the backbone of machine learning, providing the theoretical framework required to develop algorithms, optimize models, and interpret data patterns. The integration of mathematical disciplines such as linear algebra, probability theory, statistics, calculus, and optimization enables the construction of robust machine learning systems. This paper justify the essential mathematical concepts that underpin machine learning, covering major topics such as matrix operations, statistical inference, statistical inference, optimization techniques, and differential equations. Additionally, it impart how these mathematical tools contribute to several machine learning paradigms, such as deep learning, reinforce ment learning, supervised learning, and unsupervised learning. By understanding the function of mathematics in machine learning, researchers and practitioners can enhance model performance and develop innovative AI-driven solutions.

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Nagesh Sukla

Abstract: The soil microbiome, a complex ecosystem teeming with diverse microorganisms, plays a pivotal role in maintaining terrestrial ecosystem balance. Recent advances in nanoscience have revealed that soil microbes can mediate the biosynthesis of nanomaterials, leading to the emergence of bioinspired nanomaterials (BINMs) that emulate natural design principles. These microbial nanomaterials exhibit unique physicochemical properties and biocompatibility, making them highly desirable for sustainable technological applications. This review explores the ecological functions of microbial nanomaterials derived from soil microbiomes, focusing on their roles in biogeochemical cycles, plant-microbe interactions, and environmental stress modulation. Additionally, it delves into their promising applications in agriculture, environmental remediation, and nanomedicine. The article also discusses the molecular mechanisms of microbial nanomaterial synthesis, their structural diversity, and challenges in harnessing them for real-world applications. With growing interest in green nanotechnology, the integration of microbial ecology with materials science provides a novel and sustainable route for the development of multifunctional nanomaterials.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.61137/ijsret.vol.8.issue6.575

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Authors: Sakshi Nadig

Abstract: Environmental contamination by heavy metals, organic pollutants, and synthetic chemicals represents a growing threat to ecosystems and human health. Traditional remediation methods, while often effective, can be costly, non-specific, or environmentally invasive. The integration of nanotechnology with microbial biotechnology—termed nanobioremediation—offers a promising, eco-friendly solution to environmental detoxification. This review explores the synergistic potential of microbes and nanomaterials in addressing a broad range of environmental contaminants. It discusses the mechanisms by which microorganisms interact with engineered nanomaterials, leading to enhanced biodegradation, metal sequestration, and pollutant transformation. The synthesis of nanoparticles by microbes (biogenic nanoparticles) and their application in situ for pollutant degradation is also addressed. Furthermore, the article highlights case studies demonstrating successful nanobioremediation strategies in soil, water, and wastewater systems. Finally, potential ecological risks, regulatory considerations, and future research directions are outlined, underscoring the role of nanobioremediation in advancing sustainable environmental management.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.61137/ijsret.vol.8.issue6.574

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Authors: Venkata Krishna, Bharadwaj Parasaram

Abstract: Clinical research faces critical challenges in scalability, data integrity, and regulatory compliance, particularly for large-scale NIH-sponsored trials (National Institutes of Health [NIH], 2023). This paper presents a cloud-based architecture leveraging Amazon Web Services (AWS) to address these challenges through three key innovations: (1) a HIPAA-compliant infrastructure with real- time data capture, (2) automated monitoring for FDA 21 CFR Part 11 compliance, and (3) nationally scalable deployment models.Our proposed architecture utilizes AWS Aurora PostgreSQL for electronic health record storage (Amazon Web Services [AWS], 2025) and Kinesis Data Streams for real-time ingestion of wearable device data (Smith et al., 2024). The system implements granular access controls through AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), addressing NIH's emphasis on data security in multi-center trials (Collins & Tabak, 2024). Compliance features include automated audit trails via CloudTrail (U.S. Food and Drug Administration [FDA], 2022) and PHI detection using Macie (Johnson & Patel, 2024).Real-time dashboards built with QuickSight enable trial monitoring across 120+ sites, reducing protocol deviation detection time from 14 days to 48 hours in pilot testing (Légaré et al., 2023). The platform's national scalability is demonstrated through AWS Local Zones deployment, decreasing latency for rural sites by 72% compared to traditional models (Roberts et al., 2023). We evaluate this architecture against NIH's Strategic Plan for Data Science (NIH, 2023), highlighting its alignment with FAIR data principles while addressing persistent challenges in trial diversity enrollment (Bierer et al., 2022). The paper concludes with implementation guidelines for academic medical centers and cost-benefit analysis comparing cloud versus on-premises solutions (Mandel et al., 2024).

 

 

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Authors: Rajesh Gowda

Abstract: The global escalation in industrial activities has led to an alarming surge in environmental pollution, affecting ecosystems and public health. Industrial effluents, laden with toxic heavy metals, organic dyes, hydrocarbons, and gaseous pollutants, have outpaced the efficacy of traditional remediation techniques. In this context, microbial nanotechnology—a multidisciplinary approach combining microbiology and nanoscience—has emerged as a promising and sustainable strategy for pollution control. This review explores the green synthesis of nanoparticles by environmental microbes and their potential applications in mitigating industrial pollution. The discussion spans the mechanisms of pollutant degradation, the advantages of microbial-nanoparticle hybrids, and their performance in real-world settings such as wastewater treatment, air purification, and soil remediation. The review further evaluates the ecological implications, challenges in scale-up, and prospects of integrating microbial nanotechnology in industrial decontamination frameworks. By leveraging the synergistic capabilities of microbes and nanomaterials, this innovative field offers scalable and eco-friendly solutions to pressing environmental challenges.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.61137/ijsret.vol.8.issue6.573

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Authors: Anjali Kadam, Aishwarya Bhosale, Vaishnavi Jadhav, Swara Chavan, Dnyaneshwari Mohotkar

Abstract: Tongue diagnosis has traditionally been a non-invasive method for detecting gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, widely practiced in Eastern medicine. This research explores the use of a fine-tuned ResNet50 model for tongue image classification to aid in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. The model was trained on labeled images focused on three conditions: fissure, constipation, and hyperacidity. The dataset was manually collected from patients with assistance from an Ayurvedic practitioner, including hospital visits and shared tongue images. Preprocessing and augmentation techniques were applied to enhance generalization. The model achieved 80–97% accuracy on known images but dropped to 50–60% on unseen data, highlighting the need for a larger dataset. This project is intended as a foundation for future research, with the expectation that
the accuracy and number of diagnosable conditions will improve as the dataset expands.

DOI: http://doi.org/

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Authors: Nanda Prajesh

Abstract: The convergence of microbial consortia and nanotechnology offers unprecedented opportunities for enhancing integrated ecosystem services, including bioremediation, soil fertility, nutrient cycling, climate regulation, and pollution mitigation. Microbial consortia—carefully selected or engineered communities of interacting microorganisms—are naturally adept at adapting to diverse environmental conditions, collaborating metabolically, and driving complex biogeochemical processes. When coupled with the unique catalytic, adsorptive, and reactive properties of nanoparticles, these consortia form powerful bio-nano systems that extend the capabilities of traditional environmental management practices. This review explores the emerging field of microbial consortia-nanoparticle integration for ecosystem services. It examines their synergistic functions, mechanisms of interaction, applications in various environmental domains, and the ecological and regulatory challenges they pose. The article also highlights the role of synthetic biology, systems ecology, and green nanotechnology in designing robust, sustainable consortia-nano platforms. Understanding and harnessing these synergistic relationships hold the key to solving complex environmental challenges and advancing the goals of ecosystem resilience and sustainability.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.61137/ijsret.vol.8.issue6.572

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Tejas Naidu

Abstract: The integration of nanotechnology with microbial biosensing systems has opened new avenues for precise, real-time ecological monitoring. Conventional environmental assessment techniques often fall short in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and speed, necessitating the development of more responsive and cost-effective alternatives. Microbial biosensors—living biological systems capable of detecting environmental pollutants—have emerged as promising tools due to their specificity, adaptability, and self-replicating nature. The incorporation of nanomaterials into these biosensors enhances their functional properties, including signal transduction, stability, and miniaturization. This review explores the synergy between nanotechnology and microbial biosensing, focusing on the design, mechanisms, and applications of nanotechnology-assisted microbial biosensors in ecological monitoring. Key developments in nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, metal nanoparticles, and nanocomposites are discussed in the context of their role in improving biosensor performance. The review also highlights the environmental pollutants targeted by these biosensors—ranging from heavy metals and pesticides to endocrine disruptors and greenhouse gases—and evaluates their deployment in field settings. Challenges related to biosafety, scalability, and regulatory frameworks are analyzed alongside future research directions. By merging microbial intelligence with nanotechnological precision, this emerging technology offers transformative potential in promoting environmental sustainability and public health.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.61137/ijsret.vol.8.issue6.571

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Saravanan.G, Assistant Professor Kalaimathi.D

Abstract: The project aimed to explore the possibility of fully or partially replacing cement as a stabilizer in Compressed Stabilized Earth Blocks (CSEBs). Cement is commonly used as a stabilizer in CSEBs, but it has a high carbon footprint. The bricks were tested for compressive strength along with water absorption and efflorescence. A comparison of strength gain between them was also conducted. Two proposed mixes, referred to as P-cement 1 and P-cement 2, were selected based on literature review for better comparison and to identify the optimum mix. To evaluate the strength characteristics of these mixes, mortar cubes were cast using both P- cement variants and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), and then tested for compressive strength.

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Authors: B. Aslesha, L. Parinita Goud, Panneeru Nandini, M. Hrithika Marie

 

 

Abstract:

DOI: http://doi.org/

 

 

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