Authors: Shubham Sharma
Abstract: Carbon markets depend on credible measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV), reliable ownership records, and controls against duplicate issuance and retirement of environmental claims. Small and medium-sized cement manufacturers may face high verification and transaction costs and limited access to carbon markets. This paper proposes CarbonWise, a blockchain-based marketplace design for improving the traceability of credit records and access to trading. The proposed architecture uses Solidity smart contracts on an Ethereum-compatible network, an ECO-token representation for approved credits, and InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) references for supporting evidence. It also describes an optional EIP-712 meta-transaction flow in which a relayer could submit a transfer signed by a user. The design separates environmental verification from on-chain execution: a blockchain can record approvals, ownership changes, and retirement events, but cannot independently prove that a claimed emission reduction occurred. We describe the workflow, contract responsibilities, evidence-integrity model, security considerations, and an evaluation plan. The supplied materials do not include test evidence, so we report no performance or security measurements. Implementation details must be checked against the project source code and test results. The paper contributes a sector-focused design and evaluation framework for auditable credit records, evidence references, issuance controls, and optional sponsored transactions.
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