Authors: Ishaan Sreejith, Vaishnav P, Aby Jacob Varghese
Abstract: This report describes the design and construction of a small wheeled robot that senses obstacles with an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor and stops before hitting them. An Arduino Uno R4 Minima measures distance from the echo time of each ultrasonic pulse and drives two DC motors through an L298N H-bridge driver using PWM. The robot moves forward at a fixed duty cycle and halts when an object lies closer than 20 cm or when no echo returns. The hardware, wiring, working principle, software, build procedure and troubleshooting notes are documented so the project can be reproduced.
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