Daily Archives: July 31, 2026

Authors: Research Scholar Merin Titty D Cunha, Assistant Professor Dr. Jisha S Kumar

Abstract: In today’s digital age, the internet serves as a fast, cost-effective, and accessible medium for accessing health-related information. The availability of audiovisual content and the ability to obtain direct insights from medical experts have further enhanced the appeal of online health information among users. This study primarily aims to explore the connection between individuals’ online health information seeking patterns and the outcomes that follow after their search. To analyse these relationships, Smart PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling) is employed to examine the interplay among the key variables. Findings reveal that an individual’s motivation to seek health information online significantly influences post-search actions, such as modifying health practices, consulting a healthcare provider, or disseminating the acquired information to others. The study underscores the importance for healthcare professionals to recognize the underlying motivations and behavioural intentions driving consumers’ engagement with online health resources.

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Sonal Sinha

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a dual relationship with cybersecurity: it is both a powerful defensive technology and, increasingly, a high-value attack target in its own right. Machine learning, deep learning, foundation models, and large language models (LLMs) now underpin intrusion detection, malware analysis, phishing identification, and autonomous incident response. At the same time, adversaries exploit AI for automated reconnaissance, AI-generated phishing, and attacks aimed directly at AI models — adversarial evasion, data poisoning, model extraction, prompt injection, jailbreaking, and AI supply-chain compromise. This paper condenses a comprehensive survey into a conference-length treatment: it traces the evolution of AI in cybersecurity, presents a unified taxonomy of attacks across the AI lifecycle, reviews key defense mechanisms (explainable AI, federated learning, differential privacy, guardrails, zero trust), summarizes major governance frameworks (NIST AI RMF, ISO/IEC 42001, EU AI Act, OWASP LLM Top 10), and outlines open research challenges for building trustworthy, resilient AI-driven security systems.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21715925

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Rafiu K. Olalere, Y.O Bankole, Hongming Xu, Animashahun L. A, Sheriff Lamidi

Abstract: The increasing demand for cleaner and more sustainable transportation fuels has intensified interest in renewable oxygenated fuels capable of improving the combustion and emission characteristics of gasoline direct-injection (GDI) spark-ignition engines. This study presents a comparative experimental investigation of the combustion behaviour, engine performance, and gaseous emissions of commercial unleaded gasoline (ULG95) and absolute ethanol in a spray-guided GDI engine. Experiments were conducted under stoichiometric operating conditions (λ = 1) at an engine speed of 1500 rpm over an indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) range of 3.5–8.5 bar using optimized spark timing. Combustion characteristics were evaluated through in-cylinder pressure analysis, coefficient of variation of IMEP (COVIMEP), combustion phasing (MFB50), combustion duration, combustion efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency, and indicated specific fuel consumption. Regulated gaseous emissions comprising carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) were also measured and compared. The results demonstrate that ethanol produced higher peak cylinder pressures, shorter combustion durations, improved combustion stability, and higher combustion and indicated thermal efficiencies than gasoline throughout the investigated load range. The superior combustion characteristics of ethanol were attributed to its inherent oxygen content, higher octane rating, and greater resistance to knock, which enabled optimum combustion phasing without knock-limited spark retard. Ethanol also produced substantially lower CO and HC emissions than gasoline, although differences in NOₓ emissions reflected variations in combustion temperature and ignition characteristics. Overall, the study demonstrates that ethanol offers significant advantages in combustion quality and exhaust emission reduction, highlighting its potential as a sustainable fuel for future high-efficiency GDI spark-ignition engines.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21714967

Published by: vikaspatanker