Daily Archives: June 7, 2026

Authors: R Gayathri, Rohith V, M Mugilvannan

Abstract: Sophisticated assailants outperform human defenders in today's cyber networks. This project introduces AEGIS, an end-to-end autonomous cyber operations system that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL) within the CybORG++ environment to overcome human latency and inflexible rule-based systems. AEGIS competes in a zero-sum game between an autonomous Blue Agent defense (Microsoft Phi-3.5-mini) and a Red Agent attacker (Qwen2.5-Coder-3B) using an Independent Learners technique under Decentralized Training and Decentralized Execution (DTDE). The system has a fully integrated 7-level progressive training pipeline with threshold-separated ChromaDB episodic memories, prioritized replay buffers, and LLM-specific action masking to remove hallucinations. The system uses a distributed MARL architecture that performs LoRA fine-tuning over two physical nodes via direct Ethernet, guaranteeing total parameter isolation, in order to maximize performance under stringent hardware restrictions. In the end, this architecture effectively illustrates how LLM agents with curriculum learning and episodic memory can independently learn intricate, multi-subnet cyber security tactics in sophisticated simulated environments.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20582330

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Agrim Verma, Rashi Singh

Abstract: The transition to hydrogen-based mobility re- quires Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel cells that are not only efficient but also durable under dy- namic load conditions. Traditional lumped parameter models often fail to capture the micro-climates inside theflow channels—areas where water flooding or membrane dehydration occurs locally. This term paper employs Ad- vanced Numerical Analysis to bridge this gap, focusingon the spatial distribution of Electrochemical parameters. By resolving the heat source terms into discrete physical contributions, the model enables targeted en- gineering interventions that are not accessible through bulk parameter approaches.

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: K.S.Ananya, J.Varshika Narayan, Dr G Naresh

Abstract: Climate change has become one of the most significant global challenges of the 21st century, causing severe environmental and economic consequences worldwide. Extreme climate events such as floods, hurricanes, wildfires, droughts, and heatwaves have increased in both frequency and intensity, resulting in substantial financial losses across various sectors, including agriculture, infrastructure, industry, and public services. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of global climate events and their economic impacts using data visualization techniques. The dataset used in this research covers climate-related events occurring between 2020 and 2025 and includes information on event types, affected regions, occurrence dates, and estimated economic losses. The primary objective of this work is to transform complex climate data into meaningful visual representations that facilitate better understanding and interpretation. Tableau was employed as the main visualization tool to create interactive dashboards, bar charts, line graphs, heat maps, highlight tables, and geographic maps. Data preprocessing techniques, including cleaning, filtering, sorting, grouping, and aggregation, were applied to ensure accurate analysis. Time-series visualizations were used to identify trends in climate events and economic damages over the study period, while geographic visualizations highlighted regional variations in climate-related losses. The results reveal significant differences in the economic impacts of various climate events across regions and years, enabling the identification of highly vulnerable areas and the most damaging event categories. The interactive dashboards further support comparative analysis and enhance decision-making capabilities. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of data visualization in communicating complex climate information and provides valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders. The findings emphasize the growing economic burden of climate change and the importance of adopting sustainable strategies, risk mitigation measures, and improved disaster preparedness to reduce future impacts.

Published by: vikaspatanker

Authors: Vaibhav Narwade, Divya Ovhal, Sakshi Aher, Vijaykumar Kale, Mahesh Thakare

Abstract: Herbal soaps are becoming increasingly popular due to their natural origin, therapeutic value, and fewer side effects compared to synthetic soaps. The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of herbal papaya soap with antioxidant activity using natural ingredients such as papaya extract, turmeric, honey, sandalwood oil, vitamin E, and rose water. Papaya (Carica papaya) is rich in bioactive compounds including vitamins A, C, E, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and papain enzyme, which provide antioxidant, exfoliating, antimicrobial, and skin-nourishing properties. The herbal soap was prepared using a suitable soap base through the melt-and-pour/cold process method and evaluated for various physicochemical parameters. The formulated soap was assessed for appearance, color, odor, texture, pH, foamability, foam retention, irritation effect, and stability. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using standard methods such as the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The results showed that the prepared herbal soap possessed good antioxidant activity due to the presence of natural phytoconstituents in papaya and other herbal ingredients. The soap exhibited acceptable pH, good foaming ability, pleasant fragrance, smooth texture, and no skin irritation during testing. The incorporation of natural antioxidants helped protect the skin from oxidative stress and supported skin rejuvenation. The study concludes that herbal papaya soap can be successfully formulated using natural ingredients with effective antioxidant and skin-friendly properties. The developed formulation may serve as a safe, economical, eco-friendly, and beneficial alternative to commercial synthetic soaps. Thus, herbal papaya soap has potential applications in cosmetic and skincare preparations for maintaining healthy and glowing skin.

Published by: vikaspatanker