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Daily Archives: April 8, 2025

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A Unified HAPS-LEO NTN Architecture for 6G: Enabling Hybrid RF-FSO Backhaul and Distributed Federated Learning

A Unified HAPS-LEO NTN Architecture for 6G: Enabling Hybrid RF-FSO Backhaul and Distributed Federated Learning
Authors:-Aakash Jain, Prakhar Vats, Priyanshu Singh, Shreya Tiwari. Mohammed Alim

Abstract-As communication systems evolve towards beyond-5G and 6G, the demand for high data rates, minimized latency, global connectivity, and distributed intelligence intensifies. Traditional terrestrial and backhaul networks face limitations in scalability, bandwidth, and coverage, particularly in challenging environments. This paper proposes a unified, multi-tier Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) architecture integrating Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites and High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) to address these challenges. We explore a hybrid RF-Free-Space Optical (FSO) communication model to leverage the strengths of both technologies, enhancing backhaul efficiency and resilience against atmospheric disruptions. The architecture incorporates Contact Graph Routing (CGR) for optimized data routing in dynamic backhaul scenarios and a distributed Hierarchical Federated Learning (HFL) framework, utilizing HAPS as intermediate servers, to enable privacy-preserving, scalable machine learning across the network. This unified approach offers a versatile platform for future communication systems, supporting both high-performance backhaul and distributed intelligence. Simulated performance results, adapted from component studies, demonstrate the potential advantages of this integrated architecture in terms of latency, throughput, scalability, and learning accuracy.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.287

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AI-Driven Business Intelligence: Machine Learning-Powered Dynamic Pricing Strategies for E-Commerce Optimization

AI-Driven Business Intelligence: Machine Learning-Powered Dynamic Pricing Strategies for E-Commerce Optimization
Authors:-Mr.A.Janardana Rao, S.Sri Gowri Sai Priya, I.Rupa Kamalini, D.Keerthi Sri, B.Mohan Kalyan, M.D.N.Chaitanya Lahari

Abstract-The rapidly evolving e-commerce landscape demands dynamic pricing strategies to maximize revenue and maintain a competitive edge. This study examines the integration of machine learning (ML) and business intelligence (BI) to enhance pricing strategies, addressing the shortcomings of outdated models in adapting to digital market shifts. While ML has proven valuable in various business applications, its potential for dynamic pricing in e-commerce remains underexplored, particularly when combined with BI. Existing research lacks a comprehensive analysis of how these technologies can work together for pricing optimization. To bridge this gap, the study employs the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, known for handling complex and nonlinear relationships in large datasets. By leveraging BI tools to collect, process, and analyze crucial data, the approach establishes a real-time pricing framework. The findings reveal that ML-powered BI systems significantly enhance a company’s ability to set accurate prices and swiftly respond to market fluctuations. The adaptability of the SVM model ensures pricing decisions are both precise and responsive to dynamic market conditions, leading to a more effective and competitive pricing strategy.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.286

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Hybrid Physics-Guided Deep Transfer Learning for Accurate Traffic State Estimation

Hybrid Physics-Guided Deep Transfer Learning for Accurate Traffic State Estimation
Authors:-Mrs.V.Anantha Lakshmi, Geetha Usha Sri, M.Sri Harshitha Meghana, N.Dhathri, M.Chaitanya, P.SrujanaSai.

Abstract-Accurately estimating traffic states is a crucial aspect of transportation engineering, enabling effective traffic control and operations. In recent years, Physics-Regulated Deep Learning (PRDL) has gained significant attention due to its ability to achieve higher accuracy while requiring less training data compared to conventional deep learning (DL) approaches. However, a key challenge of PRDL is the lengthy training time required for closely related but distinct tasks.To address this limitation, this paper introduces a hybrid physics-regulated deep transfer learning approach that leverages the strengths of transfer learning, PRDL, and DL to enhance estimation accuracy and reduce computational costs, particularly in scenarios with limited observation data. The proposed framework includes two transfer learning variants designed to extract and transfer essential features from pre-trained models to new but similar traffic environments. This hybrid approach integrates deep learning training, minimizing computational overhead by eliminating physics-based loss calculations during training.Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to traditional PRDL methods, the proposed transfer learning approaches improve estimation accuracy by over 12% on average while reducing training time by more than 50% on average. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid transfer learning techniques in accelerating the adoption of PRDL for traffic state estimation, making it a valuable tool for transportation systems with limited computational resources.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.285

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Deep ThyroidScan: Multilayer Recursive Neural Network (ML-RNN) for Accurate Detection and Classification

Deep ThyroidScan: Multilayer Recursive Neural Network (ML-RNN) for Accurate Detection and Classification
Authors:-Dr.RadhaKrishna, L.Durga Sarath Kumar, D.Sai Karthikeya, L.V.M.Rajeswari, K.Sai Durga, Y.Sambasiva Rao

Abstract-Thyroid disease is one of the most prevalent illnesses worldwide, affecting over 42 million individuals in India alone. The thyroid gland, a small organ located in the neck, plays a crucial role in regulating metabolic processes by secreting essential hormones. Any dysfunction in the thyroid gland can significantly impact overall health. Accurate testing for thyroid disorders is vital for effective treatment, as early diagnosis can help balance hormone secretion and mitigate related complications.However, the increasing number of thyroid patients and the shortage of medical professionals pose challenges to traditional diagnostic methods. To address these issues, a deep learning-based Multi-Layer Recursive Neural Network (ML-RNN) is employed to enhance diagnosis. This approach focuses on preprocessing the input data, selecting relevant features from standard datasets, extracting key attributes, and classifying thyroid conditions into normal, hyperthyroid, and hypothyroid categories.The first stage of this process involves preprocessing, which includes data cleaning, splitting, and handling missing values to enhance data quality. Next, feature selection is performed using the Fisher score method to identify an optimal subset of features. Data analysis is then conducted based on Region-of-Interest (ROI) volumes. Finally, classification is carried out using ML-RNN, which improves accuracy in detecting thyroid disorders and assessing the risk of developing the disease. The model demonstrates high performance in terms of accuracy, recall, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, making it a reliable tool for thyroid disease prediction.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.284

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Memory-Augmented Large Language Models: Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting in Continual Learning

Memory-Augmented Large Language Models: Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting in Continual Learning
Authors:-Pavan Kumar Adepu

Abstract-This paper proposes a novel strategy for mitigating catastrophic forgetting of lifelong learning via memory-augmented large language models. Coupling external memory modules with standard deep learning frameworks, our methodology enables the model to retain context information over long periods of time and retrieve such information, preventing previously learned facts from being overwritten by new input data. We demonstrate our approach on the real WikiText-103 dataset, with the results of our experiments showing an extensive improvement in the retention of long-term dependencies and overall model performance. Our findings suggest that memory augmentation is a promising means to enhance the resilience of language models in ever-changing, dynamic settings and laying the groundwork for more robust and adaptable continual learning systems.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.283

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Heart-Disease System: A Rule-Based Prediction Model for Heart Disease Symptoms and Causes

Heart-Disease System: A Rule-Based Prediction Model for Heart Disease Symptoms and Causes
Authors:-Chaudhari Khushikumari

Abstract-Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Early detection and prevention are crucial to reducing the risks associated with cardiovascular diseases. This paper presents a rule-based predictive system for heart disease diagnosis. The system leverages patient data, including medical history, lifestyle factors, and clinical symptoms, to provide an accurate assessment of potential heart disease risks. Implemented in Python, the system follows a structured decision-making approach based on medical guidelines and expert knowledge. The proposed system aids in decision-making for healthcare professionals and individuals by evaluating multiple health indicators to predict heart disease risk. This research paper discusses the dataset used, feature selection, rule formulation, system architecture, and evaluation criteria. The study demonstrates that expert-driven approaches can enhance early detection and contribute to improved patient outcomes.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.282

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Challenges Faced by Turmeric Exporters with Special Reference to Erode District

Challenges Faced by Turmeric Exporters with Special Reference to Erode District
Authors:-Assistant Professor Dr. M. Kowsalya, Ms. V. Ashvitha

Abstract-Turmeric, a key agricultural product, holds significant economic importance for India, with Erode District in Tamil Nadu being one of the largest turmeric production hubs. However, turmeric exporters from Erode face a series of challenges that impede their competitiveness in the global market. These challenges include inadequate infrastructure, fluctuating market prices, lack of quality standardization, and the complexities of international trade regulations. Additionally, issues such as inconsistent supply due to climatic variations, pest attacks, and post-harvest losses further exacerbate the situation. This study explores these challenges in detail, focusing on their impact on the growth and sustainability of turmeric exports from Erode District, and provides recommendations for overcoming these hurdles through policy interventions, technological upgrades, and market diversification.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.281

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Data Breach Monitoring System

Data Breach Monitoring System
Authors:-Ms.Dhivya K, Abinaya M, Janaki R, Kavya S, Sowbarnika P N

Abstract-Current data breach monitoring systems provide continuous oversight of network activity and data access points, leveraging analytics and machine learning to detect unauthorized access to sensitive information. These systems generate real-time alerts for rapid response actions, such as isolating compromised devices and blocking suspicious IPs, while also supporting regulatory compliance through detailed activity logs. This project proposes enhancements in anomaly detection precision using adaptive machine learning algorithms that update behavior baselines dynamically and reduce false positives, improving threat identification accuracy. Additionally, it integrates seamlessly with automated incident response platforms for efficient containment and remediation. Future developments aim to incorporate predictive analytics to anticipate breaches by analyzing evolving behavioral trends, enhancing proactive defense capabilities and the system’s adaptability to emerging cyber threats.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.279

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Work –Life Balance of Women Employees: Challenges and Strategies

Work –Life Balance of Women Employees: Challenges and Strategies
Authors:-Greeshma Muraly

Abstract-Women across the world encounter difficulties in managing what their professional work and personal life. These research paper exams the difficulties of workload and life balancing in women particularly among working women and entrepreneurs. It analysis the key factors affecting work life balance, the impact of overload on mental and Physical health and Strategies for achieving stability. This paper also highlights policies and support systems that can help woman in managing the responsibilities effectively.

DOI: 10.61137/ijsret.vol.11.issue2.278

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