Category Archives: Uncategorized

Abstract-Bioethanol is generated by fermenting sugars obtained from biomass such as crops, agricultural waste, and organic refuse, and is a sustainable and eco-friendly energy option. It provides a long-term solution to fossil fuels, which has the capacity to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change. Potato peel waste (PPW) is one of the many feedstocks that shows potential for bioethanol production because of its high starch content. PPW is a waste product from the potato processing sector, commonly thrown away or utilized for less valuable purposes. This study investigates the possibility of using PPW as a productive raw material for bioethanol manufacturing, specifically examining its preparation, breakdown, conversion, and purification stages. Even though bioethanol from PPW shows potential, economic and technical limitations arise due to high moisture levels, composition variability, and the requirement for substantial pre-treatment processes. However, the use of PPW for bioethanol production is in line with worldwide initiatives for sustainable energy, waste reduction, and the circular economy.

Abstract-India’s water sector is crucial for economic growth, public health, and environmental sustainability. With a population exceeding 1.4 billion, the water demand has risen sharply due to urbanisation, agriculture, and industrialization. However, the sector faces significant challenges, including water scarcity, pollution, and inadequate infrastructure. With 18% of the world’s population but only 4% of the world’s water sources, India grapples with water scarcity in many regions. India is the world’s largest user of groundwater that extracts more than any other country in the world and accounts for nearly 25 percent of the world’s extracted groundwater. With an estimated $250 billion investment requirement over the next 20 years, the Indian water sector offers immense opportunities for both domestic and international investors. This report highlights the structure of the water value chain in India, identifies investment opportunities, and names the key players and beneficiaries in the ecosystem.

Abstract-Effective management and treatment of these stones depend on early and precise detection. Ultrasound and X-ray are two conventional methods for kidney stone detection, but their resolution and accuracy are limited. Because of its increased resolution and capacity to produce precise anatomical information, computed tomography (CT) imaging has grown in reliability. However, it takes a lot of experience and time to interpret CT scans for kidney stone detection. Recent developments in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) provide a promising solution to these problems. CNNs, a class of deep learning algorithms, have demonstrated remarkable performance in image analysis tasks by automatically learning hierarchical features from large datasets.

Abstract-Vertical farming is becoming a valuable complement to traditional agriculture, enhancing sustainable food production as climate pressures increase. Initially, vertical farming focused on technological advancements like design innovation, automated hydroponic systems, and advanced LED lighting. However, recent studies emphasize improving resilience and sustainability, particularly through water quality and microbial life in hydroponic environments. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have proven effective in boosting plant growth and resilience to both biotic and abiotic stress. Using PGPR in plant-growing media enhances microbial diversity, helping reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This overview explores the history of vertical farming, its economic, environmental, social, and political opportunities and challenges, and the role of the rhizosphere microbiome in advancing hydroponic systems.

Abstract-This paper introduces the RecoilLogger component, a lightweight utility designed to track and log state changes within Recoil-based React applications. The component provides developers with the ability to monitor both current and previous state values, aiding in debugging and state management performance analysis. The paper outlines the implementation, use cases, and potential applications of the RecoilLogger, discussing its methodology in comparison to existing logging utilities in React. Results demonstrate its effectiveness in state tracking without causing performance overhead or altering the UI.

Abstract-The construction industry faces increasing pressure to adopt sustainable practices due to resource depletion and waste management challenges. This review critically examines the use of Portland Slag Cement (PSC) in combination with Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) to enhance sustainability and performance in construction. The analysis consolidates research on the mechanical properties, durability, and environmental impact of PSC-RAC composites. Findings show that PSC enhances compressive strength, tensile strength, and long-term durability while reducing the carbon footprint of concrete production. The review highlights the superior performance of PSC in comparison to traditional cementitious materials, particularly in harsh environments. However, challenges remain regarding the variability in the quality of recycled aggregates, workability issues, and economic feasibility. This review emphasizes the need for standardized quality controls for recycled materials and advocates for further research into long-term performance and the integration of PSC with advanced materials such as Nano-Silica. Comprehensive studies and cost-benefit analyses are recommended to fully explore the feasibility of PSC-RAC in both structural and non-structural applications.

Abstract-Banking system vulnerabilities have made us vulnerable to fraudulent activities that seriously harm the bank’s reputation and financial standing in addition to harming clients. An estimated large sum of money is lost financially each year as a result of financial fraud in banks. Early discovery aids in the mitigation of the fraud by allowing for the development of a countermeasure and the recovery of such losses. This research proposes a machine learning-based method to effectively aid in fraud detection. In order to combat counterfeits and minimise damage, the artificial intelligence (AI) based model will expedite the check verification process. In order to determine the association between specific parameters and fraudulence, we examined a number of clever algorithms that were trained on a public dataset in this article.

Abstract-A serious and pervasive lung disease with a poor diagnosis rate is tuberculosis. Following the vacuity of high-resolution coffin x-rays, deep literacy can now yield results for the successful discovery of this unpleasant complaint and other possible operations in the health sector. This study presents a new deep learning algorithm for tuberculosis identification using a coffin x-ray image bracket to acquire geographical data. It combines the ImageNet dataset with two popular, trained vgg16 and vgg19 models. The system that is being described is validated through trials using the chest x-ray dataset. After assessing the model on the test set, we receive a score of 0.9992 for each of the criteria (delicacy, perfection, recall, and f1-score).

Abstract-Ransomware has emerged as one of the most significant and widespread cyber threats in recent years. This form of malicious software locks or encrypts victims’ data, demanding a ransom in exchange for restoring access. The growing sophistication of ransomware attacks has made them increasingly difficult to detect and mitigate, causing severe economic and operational damage across industries. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of ransomware, its evolution, types, attack mechanisms, and the defensive measures necessary to combat its spread. We also explore the economic implications of ransomware and present future trends in the fight against these cyberattacks. Finally, we propose best practices for organizations to reduce their vulnerability to ransomware attacks and present case studies on successful and failed mitigations.