Authors: Saurabh Singh
Abstract: The present study investigates the temporal variation of river water quality during Maha Kumbh 2025 in the Prayagraj Sangam region using Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) monitoring observations. The assessment was carried out using major physicochemical and biological parameters including turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, and fecal coliform. Temporal trend analysis and statistical interpretation were performed to evaluate the impact of large-scale pilgrimage activities on river water quality. The results indicated noticeable fluctuations in turbidity, COD, BOD, and fecal coliform concentrations during major bathing events, suggesting enhanced anthropogenic influence and sediment disturbance in the river system. Dissolved oxygen remained relatively stable throughout the monitoring period, while pH values stayed within acceptable environmental limits. Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships among turbidity, COD, and fecal coliform, indicating combined effects of organic and microbial contamination during intensive bathing periods. The study highlights the significance of continuous water quality monitoring during mass religious gatherings for sustainable river management and environmental protection.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20133734
