Authors: Ayush Kumar, Abhendra Pratap Singh, Dr.Uma Gautam, Nandini Sharma
Abstract: Upper limb amputees face significant challenges due to the high cost and limited availability of advanced prosthetic hands. Recent advances in 3D printing, combined with electromyography (EMG) and electrocardiography (ECG) sensing, have enabled the development of affordable, customizable and functionally capable prosthetic devices. This review paper focusses on the current literature on 3d printed bionic hands controlled by EMG and ECG signals, highlighting design strategies, materials, actuations mechanism, and control system. The integration of hybrid bio signals, adaptive algorithms, and additive manufacturing has improved prosthetic performance, responsiveness and user comfort. The review also discusses the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in enhancing signal processing, gesture recognition, and motion prediction as well as the potential of IoT-enabled monitoring and patient support. Moreover, limitations of current approaches and future directions for more intelligent, reliable and accessible prosthetic solutions are outlined for identification of scope for further advancement in this domain.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17442105
