Authors: Gopal Prasad Bhoi, Madhuri Jena
Abstract: The global surge in organic waste production necessitates the development of sustainable and economically viable recovery methods. Microbial platforms have emerged as promising biotechnological tools for converting waste into valuable products, including biofertilizers, bioplastics, biofuels, and organic acids. This study explores the multifaceted roles of microbial consortia in decomposing organic waste and facilitating its transformation into commercially usable outputs. The research highlights key microbial species and their enzymatic capacities that enable efficient bioconversion, as well as system designs such as anaerobic digesters and compost bioreactors. Emphasis is also placed on the environmental and economic benefits of microbial waste valorization, including carbon footprint reduction, resource circularity, and income generation in agricultural and industrial sectors. The paper further discusses comparative efficiencies of indigenous versus genetically modified microbes and evaluates case studies showcasing real-world applications. Results suggest that well-optimized microbial platforms can achieve over 80% recovery efficiency in controlled systems. The study concludes by identifying technological gaps and future research priorities, particularly the need for integration with AI-based process monitoring and decentralized waste recovery systems for rural and urban settings. This research supports the broader vision of transforming the linear waste paradigm into a regenerative bioeconomy through microbial innovation.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16872081
