Authors: Mr. Murari Kumar, Dr. Deepti shinghal
Abstract: In modern electronic systems, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) play a critical role in bridging the analog and digital domains. At the heart of ADC architecture lies the comparator, a fundamental circuit responsible for precise and fast voltage comparison. With the rapid growth of portable and battery-powered devices, there is an increasing need for high-speed and low-power CMOS comparators to meet performance and energy efficiency demands. This review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of various design techniques and topologies used to achieve high speed and low power consumption in CMOS comparators. Key performance parameters such as propagation delay, power consumption, input offset voltage, and resolution are discussed in detail. Additionally, the paper highlights the trade-offs involved in comparator design and explores recent advancements, including dynamic comparators, adaptive biasing, and low-voltage operation techniques. The role of high-performance comparators in different ADC architectures—such as flash, SAR, and pipeline ADCs—is also reviewed, providing insights into future research directions in this critical field of analog circuit design.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22935146
