Authors: Arun Prabhu S, Dr. chetan V Hiremath
Abstract: Kerala, known as the “Spice Garden of India,” plays a vital role in India’s spice trade, with Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) forming the backbone of the sector. However, these SMEs face significant sustainability challenges due to climate variability, market volatility, certification hurdles, and infrastructural limitations. This study aims to analyze the key risk factors affecting the supply chains of Kerala’s spice SMEs and their impact on sustainable supply chain performance (SSCP). Using a structured questionnaire and descriptive analysis, the study identifies five major risk dimensions—climate and environmental risks, market price volatility, certification and regulatory compliance, financial constraints, and logistics and infrastructure gaps. Findings reveal that climate and environmental risks and price volatility negatively influence SSCP, while certification and compliance contribute positively. Financial and infrastructural challenges show limited but notable effects on resilience. The study concludes that effective risk management, improved access to finance, climate adaptation training, and sustainable practice adoption are essential for enhancing supply chain resilience and competitiveness. Recommendations include establishing price stabilization mechanisms, upgrading infrastructure, and promoting sustainability certifications. The research offers valuable insights for policymakers and SMEs to strengthen Kerala’s spice supply chain against sustainability risks.
