Authors: Nanditha Das
Abstract: Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems represent a transformative innovation in modern pharmacology, providing novel solutions to long-standing challenges in medicine. These systems leverage the unique properties of nanoparticles to improve drug solubility, enhance bioavailability, and ensure targeted delivery, particularly across complex biological barriers. This paper explores the diverse types of biological barriers that impede therapeutic efficacy, such as the blood-brain barrier, gastrointestinal tract, and tumor microenvironment. It further delves into the various nanoparticle platforms developed to navigate these barriers, including liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, and lipid-based systems. The role of surface modification techniques, targeting ligands, and stimuli-responsive mechanisms in improving delivery efficiency is analyzed in depth. Additionally, the paper evaluates the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and safety concerns associated with these systems, while discussing the latest clinical advances and translational hurdles. Ultimately, this comprehensive overview underscores how overcoming biological barriers using nanoparticles has opened new frontiers in precision medicine and is revolutionizing drug therapy paradigms.
DOI: http://doi.org/
